Ein Impingement stellt den englischen Begriff für die deutsche Übersetzung „Einklemmung“ dar. Der Begriff wird häufig und breit verwendet, um Schulterschmerzen beim Heben des Arms zu erklären. Mit einem „Impingement-Syndrom“ werden Schmerzen und/ oder Beschwerden verbunden, die dadurch verursacht werden, dass Gewebe (Muskel, Sehne, Schleimbeutel, etc.) in der Schulter eingeklemmt wird.
Auf dieser Seite erfahren sie, warum der Begriff „Impingement“ nicht die korrekte Bezeichnung ist, um die Ursache der Schulterschmerzen zu erklären, warum eine Operation bei einem diagnostizierten Impingement-Syndrom nicht notwendig ist und wie sie es schaffen, trotz eines Impingement-Syndroms, ihre Schmerzen zu lindern und langfristig auch eine bessere Beweglichkeit erlangen zu können.

Die Schulter ist geschickt zusammengesetzt, bestehend aus einem Komplex aus nicht weniger als 4 Gelenken, nämlich:
- Das Glenohumeralgelenk. Dies ist die Verbindung zwischen Oberarm und Schulterblatt. Kopf und Pfanne sind durch die Schulterkapsel, auch Rotatorenmanschette genannt, verbunden. Die Rotatorenmanschette besteht aus kleinen Muskeln, die wichtig sind, um den Schulterkopf in der Pfanne zu halten und stabilisieren..
- Das AC-Gelenk. Dies ist die Verbindung zwischen dem Schulterdach (lat.: „acromion“) und dem Schlüsselbein (lat.: „clavicula“).
- Das SC-Gelenk. Dies ist die Verbindung zwischen dem Brustbein (lat.: „sternum“) und Schlüsselbein (lat.: „clavicula“).
- Das scapulathorakale Gelenk. Dies ist die Verbindung des Schulterblatts (lat.: „scapula“) zum Brustkorb (lat.: „thorax“). Das Schulterblatt wird durch die Muskeln des oberen Rückens befestigt.

Bei einem Impingement-Syndrom der Schulter findet ein Schmerzprovokation statt, die durch Strukturen, welche sich im sogenannten „subacromialen Raum“ befinden, verursacht wird. Der subacromiale Raum ist der Raum zwischen dem Schulterdach und dem Schulterkopf (sub = unten, Acromion = Schulterdach).Obwohl dieser Raum recht klein ist – bei Männern im Durchschnitt ca. 10 mm (7-14) und bei Frauen ca. 9,5 mm (7-12)1 – befinden sich in diesem Raum dennoch ziemlich viele Strukturen. Beispiele hierfür sind die Rotatorenmanschette, der Schleimbeutel, die Bizepssehne und das Labrum (Umrahmung der Gelenkpfanne bestehend aus Knorpel).

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